“In wine there is wisdom, in beer there is freedom, in water there is bacteria.”
— Benjamin Franklin

Overview

Microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa are commonly present in surface water, groundwater influenced by surface conditions, and reclaimed water supplies. If left untreated, these contaminants pose serious public health risks and can compromise regulatory compliance, operational reliability, and public confidence in the water supply.

Treatment Technologies

Ultrafiltration (UF)

Ultrafiltration provides a reliable physical barrier for microorganism removal, including bacteria and protozoa, as well as suspended solids. UF systems are applied where consistent pathogen removal and low‑turbidity effluent are required, independent of upstream water quality variability.

Ozone Disinfection

Ozone is a rapid and powerful disinfectant effective against bacteria, viruses, and chlorine‑resistant protozoa. Pureflow ozone systems are applied where high‑efficiency disinfection is required, while minimizing disinfection by‑product formation associated with conventional chemical disinfectants.

Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP)

In applications involving difficult‑to‑inactivate microorganisms or coincident organic contaminants, advanced oxidation processes are applied to enhance oxidation strength through hydroxyl radical formation. AOP systems are typically selected for reuse applications or complex source waters.

Chemical Disinfection Systems

Chemical disinfectants, including chlorine‑based systems, are applied where residual protection in the distribution system is required. These systems provide a proven and cost‑effective method for maintaining microbial control beyond primary treatment.